Choosing colour
Ensure that information and tasks described on your site are not based on colour recognition, such as "click the red button."
Remember that users interact with web content in different ways:
- users of assistive technology, such as a screen reader, may have page content read aloud
- users with low vision may have trouble discerning text from background if the contrast is too low
- users with colour blindness may not be able to discern the difference between specific colour, especially red/green and blue/yellow combinations
- users may view web pages using dark-mode view, so every colour used on a page needs to consider how it would be paired with a dark or light background. For this reason, use of inline styles that change only one colour, such as a font colour is discouraged. instead. Stick to the default style designed for your content management system.
To bolster usability, a good design will see colour used in tandem with symbols and text, and specific information for assistive devices. With this approach, if the colour doesn't register meaning with the user, the symbol or text will.
Sticking to a simple colour palette is generally good practice.
Queen's visual identity colour guidelines provide a primary and secondary colour palette for Queen's websites
Colour contrast
Be sure to maintain adequate colour contrast between text and background.
There are many colour-contrast-checking tools and browser extensions available online.
Web Content Accessibility Guidelines – WCAG 2.0 AA – require the following:
- Body text must maintain a contrast of at least 4.5:1
- Large text/headings must maintain contrast ratio of at least 3:1

Pass – 8:1

Fail – 2.8:1
Colour pairings
Similarly, colour pairings can negatively impact users. ºÚÁϳԹÏ×ÊÔ´ 5% of the population has some form of colour blindness, making it hard to differentiate between specific colour combinations, such as red and green used together, or blue and yellow.
There are colour blindness simulation tools and browser extensions available online that will show you how users may experience your design (see, for example, ).
It can be tricky to account for every possible user issue, so colour pairings need to consider contrast as well.

Pass

Fail